Add \operatorname{name} LaTeX command support

Agent-Logs-Url: https://github.com/wesleyel/swiftui-math/sessions/d2d346fe-819f-4ec5-8653-6582836c760d

Co-authored-by: wesleyel <48174882+wesleyel@users.noreply.github.com>

Sources/SwiftUIMath/Internal/Syntax/Parser.swift

@@ -571,15 +571,20 @@ extension Math {
             }
           } else if atom.type == .largeOperator {
             let op = atom as! LargeOperator
-            let command = AtomFactory.latexSymbolName(for: atom)
-            let originalOp = AtomFactory.atom(forLatexSymbol: command!) as! LargeOperator
-            str += "\\\(command!) "
-            if originalOp.limits != op.limits {
-              if op.limits {
-                str += "\\limits "
-              } else {
-                str += "\\nolimits "
+            if let command = AtomFactory.latexSymbolName(for: atom) {
+              // Known built-in operator (e.g. \sin, \sum)
+              let originalOp = AtomFactory.atom(forLatexSymbol: command) as! LargeOperator
+              str += "\\\(command) "
+              if originalOp.limits != op.limits {
+                if op.limits {
+                  str += "\\limits "
+                } else {
+                  str += "\\nolimits "
+                }
               }
+            } else {
+              // Custom operator defined via \operatorname
+              str += "\\operatorname{\(op.nucleus)}"
             }
           } else if atom.type == .space {
             if let space = atom as? Space {
@@ -848,6 +853,28 @@ extension Math {
 
         inner.innerList = innerList
         return inner
+      } else if command == "operatorname" {
+        // \operatorname{name} — renders argument as an upright operator (no limits by default)
+        guard self.expectCharacter("{") else {
+          self.setError(.characterNotFound, message: "Missing { after \\operatorname")
+          return nil
+        }
+        self.skipSpaces()
+        var name = ""
+        while self.hasCharacters {
+          let ch = self.nextCharacter()
+          if ch == "}" {
+            break
+          }
+          name.append(ch)
+        }
+        name = name.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
+        guard !name.isEmpty else {
+          self.setError(.invalidCommand, message: "\\operatorname requires a non-empty argument")
+          return nil
+        }
+        // Create a LargeOperator with the given name, no limits (like \sin, \log)
+        return AtomFactory.operatorWithName(name, limits: false)
       } else if command == "not" {
         // Handle \not command with lookahead for comprehensive negation support
         let nextCommand = self.peekNextCommand()

Tests/SwiftUIMathTests/Internal/Syntax/ParserTests.swift

@@ -1988,6 +1988,57 @@ struct ParserTests {
     }
   }
 
+  @Test
+  func operatorname() throws {
+    // Basic usage: \operatorname{Res}
+    var str = "\\operatorname{Res}"
+    var list = try #require(Math.Parser.build(fromString: str))
+    #expect(list.atoms.count == 1)
+    var op = try #require(list.atoms[0] as? Math.LargeOperator)
+    #expect(op.type == .largeOperator)
+    #expect(op.nucleus == "Res")
+    #expect(!op.limits)
+
+    // Serializes back as \operatorname{Res}
+    var latex = Math.Parser.atomListToString(list)
+    #expect(latex == "\\operatorname{Res}")
+
+    // With argument: \operatorname{sgn}(x)
+    str = "\\operatorname{sgn}(x)"
+    list = try #require(Math.Parser.build(fromString: str))
+    op = try #require(list.atoms.first(where: { $0.type == .largeOperator }) as? Math.LargeOperator)
+    #expect(op.nucleus == "sgn")
+    #expect(!op.limits)
+
+    // Another common operator: \operatorname{tr}(A)
+    str = "\\operatorname{tr}(A)"
+    list = try #require(Math.Parser.build(fromString: str))
+    op = try #require(list.atoms.first(where: { $0.type == .largeOperator }) as? Math.LargeOperator)
+    #expect(op.nucleus == "tr")
+    #expect(!op.limits)
+
+    // With subscript: \operatorname{Res}_{z=0} f(z)
+    str = "\\operatorname{Res}_{z=0} f(z)"
+    list = try #require(Math.Parser.build(fromString: str))
+    op = try #require(list.atoms.first(where: { $0.type == .largeOperator }) as? Math.LargeOperator)
+    #expect(op.nucleus == "Res")
+    #expect(op.subscript != nil)
+
+    // With superscript: \operatorname{Res}^{2}
+    str = "\\operatorname{Res}^{2}"
+    list = try #require(Math.Parser.build(fromString: str))
+    op = try #require(list.atoms.first(where: { $0.type == .largeOperator }) as? Math.LargeOperator)
+    #expect(op.nucleus == "Res")
+    #expect(op.superscript != nil)
+
+    // Error case: empty argument \operatorname{}
+    str = "\\operatorname{}"
+    var error: Math.ParserError? = nil
+    let errorList = Math.Parser.build(fromString: str, error: &error)
+    #expect(errorList == nil)
+    #expect(error != nil)
+  }
+
   @Test
   func arrows() throws {
     let arrows = [